tee heart test side effects

2 min read 14-03-2025

Introduction:

A transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is a valuable tool for diagnosing heart conditions. It provides detailed images of the heart and its structures. However, like any medical procedure, a TEE heart test carries the potential for side effects. Understanding these potential side effects is crucial for informed consent and managing expectations. This article explores the common and rare side effects associated with a TEE.

Common Side Effects of a TEE Heart Test

Most people tolerate a TEE without major issues. However, some common, relatively minor side effects can occur.

Discomfort and Sore Throat

The most frequent side effect is a sore throat. This is due to the insertion of the probe through the esophagus. The discomfort usually subsides within a few hours or a day.
Nausea and vomiting are also possibilities, though less common. These are often linked to the sedation used during the procedure.

Other Minor Side Effects

Slight bleeding from the throat is possible.
A temporary change in voice is a rare possibility, usually resolving quickly.
Tooth damage is extremely rare, but possible if the endoscope accidentally scrapes against teeth.

Less Common but Serious Side Effects of a TEE

While rare, more serious side effects can occur. It's vital to report any concerning symptoms to your doctor immediately.

Perforation of the Esophagus

This is a serious but uncommon complication. It involves a tear or hole in the esophagus. This necessitates immediate medical attention. Symptoms can include severe chest pain, difficulty swallowing, and bleeding.

Arrhythmias

The TEE procedure itself can sometimes trigger irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). These are usually temporary and managed easily. However, pre-existing heart conditions increase the risk.

Reaction to Sedation

Allergic reactions or adverse effects from the sedation used are possible, though rare. These can range from mild discomfort to more serious consequences. Your doctor will discuss your medical history to minimize risk.

Infection

Infection is a potential risk with any procedure involving the insertion of a probe. Although rare, maintaining good oral hygiene before and after the procedure helps reduce the risk.

Other Rare Complications

Damage to teeth or gums is exceedingly rare but possible.
Aspiration (inhaling food or fluids into the lungs) is a remote possibility, particularly if sedation affects swallowing reflexes.

Preparing for Your TEE and Minimizing Risks

Careful preparation can significantly reduce the chance of complications. Your doctor will provide specific instructions, but general guidelines include:

Fasting: You will likely need to fast before the procedure to prevent aspiration.
Medications: Discuss any medications you are taking with your doctor.
Dental Hygiene: Good oral hygiene before the test can minimize the risk of infection.

When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention

Following your TEE, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

Severe chest pain
Difficulty swallowing
Excessive bleeding
High fever
Prolonged or worsening sore throat
Signs of allergic reaction (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)

Conclusion

The TEE heart test is a safe and valuable diagnostic procedure. However, understanding the potential side effects, both common and rare, allows you to make an informed decision and take steps to minimize risks. While most people experience only minor discomfort, being aware of potential serious complications ensures you seek prompt medical attention if needed. Remember to discuss any concerns with your cardiologist before undergoing the procedure. They can provide personalized advice and guidance tailored to your individual health status.