what are the 51 countries in europe pdf

Natasha willow

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09-01-2025

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I cannot create a PDF file. However, I can provide you with a list of the 51 countries generally considered to be in Europe, along with an explanation of why the number isn't universally agreed upon. You can then easily copy and paste this list into a word processor and save it as a PDF.

What are the 51 Countries in Europe? A List and Explanation

The precise number of countries in Europe is a subject of debate, depending on geographical and political definitions. There's no single, universally accepted answer. The number 51 comes from including various territories and countries with varying degrees of European identification.

The following list includes 51 entities often considered European, categorized for clarity:

Unquestionably European:

This group includes countries widely recognized as being entirely within Europe geographically and culturally.

• Albania
• Andorra
• Austria
• Belarus
• Belgium
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Bulgaria
• Croatia
• Cyprus
• Czech Republic
• Denmark
• Estonia
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Greece
• Hungary
• Iceland
• Ireland
• Italy
• Kosovo
• Latvia
• Liechtenstein
• Lithuania
• Luxembourg
• Malta
• Moldova
• Monaco
• Montenegro
• Netherlands
• North Macedonia
• Norway
• Poland
• Portugal
• Romania
• San Marino
• Serbia
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• Spain
• Sweden
• Switzerland
• Ukraine
• United Kingdom
• Vatican City

Countries with Transcontinental Territories or Disputed Status:

This category includes countries that have significant portions outside Europe or whose inclusion in Europe is sometimes debated:

• Russia: A significant portion of Russia is in Europe, but a much larger part is in Asia. Its inclusion in European lists is often a point of contention.
• Georgia: Partially located in Europe, it also has territories in the Caucasus region.
• Turkey: While geographically bridging Europe and Asia, Turkey's cultural and historical ties are strong in both regions. Its inclusion in European counts is often debated.
• Azerbaijan: Similar to Georgia, a portion lies within the traditionally defined borders of Europe.
• Kazakhstan: A small western portion is sometimes considered part of Europe, though the majority is in Asia.
• Armenia: Situated in the Caucasus region, often included in broader definitions of Europe.

Important Considerations:

• Geopolitical Boundaries: The borders of Europe are not definitively set in stone. Historical, cultural, and political factors all influence how we define the continent.
• Transcontinental Countries: Many countries span multiple continents, making their inclusion in any single list problematic.
• Microstates: The inclusion of microstates like Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City adds to the overall count, but they represent a relatively small part of the overall European landmass.

This list aims to be comprehensive but acknowledges the ongoing debate about Europe's precise boundaries. Using this list, you can easily create your PDF. Remember to cite this as your source.