what does cammed mean in cars

3 min read 16-01-2025

Meta Description: Ever wondered what "cammed" means in car terms? This comprehensive guide explains camshafts, their function, different cam profiles, and the effects of cam upgrades on your car's performance. Learn about the pros, cons, and everything you need to know about cammed engines! (158 characters)

Cars are complex machines, and understanding their inner workings can greatly enhance your appreciation for them. One term you might have heard thrown around, especially in performance car circles, is "cammed." But what does it mean when someone says their car is "cammed"? It all comes down to the camshaft.

Understanding the Camshaft: The Heart of the Valve Train

The camshaft is a crucial component of your engine's valve train. It's responsible for precisely controlling the opening and closing of the engine's intake and exhaust valves. These valves regulate the flow of air and fuel into the combustion chamber and the expulsion of exhaust gases. The camshaft's design directly impacts engine performance.

How the Camshaft Works

The camshaft is a rotating shaft with lobes (bumps) that push on the valve lifters. As the camshaft rotates, these lobes push the lifters, which in turn open the valves. The shape and profile of these lobes determine how long and how high the valves lift. This is key to understanding what "cammed" means.

What Does "Cammed" Mean?

When someone says a car is "cammed," it means the car has an aftermarket camshaft installed, replacing the factory-installed one. This aftermarket camshaft is typically designed to improve engine performance in various ways, depending on the specific cam profile. A "cammed" engine is one that has been modified in this significant way.

Different Cam Profiles and Their Effects

Camshafts come in various profiles, each affecting engine performance differently:

Duration: This refers to the length of time a valve stays open. A longer duration camshaft keeps the valves open longer, allowing for increased airflow. However, this can also reduce low-end torque.
Lift: This represents the maximum distance the valve opens. Higher lift increases airflow, similar to longer duration, but again, it might compromise low-end torque.
Overlap: This is the period when both the intake and exhaust valves are open simultaneously. Overlap can improve breathing at higher RPMs, improving top-end power, but can negatively impact low-end performance and fuel efficiency.

A camshaft's profile is a careful balance of duration, lift, and overlap. The "best" camshaft profile depends on the specific application and the desired characteristics of the engine. For example, a street car might benefit from a cam that prioritizes low-end torque and drivability, while a race car might use a more aggressive cam that sacrifices low-end performance for maximum horsepower at high RPM.

The Pros and Cons of a Cammed Engine

Pros:

Increased horsepower and torque: A properly chosen and installed camshaft can significantly increase engine power output, especially at higher RPMs. This leads to improved acceleration and top speed.
Improved throttle response: A cammed engine can feel more responsive and eager to rev.
Enhanced engine breathing: A more aggressive cam profile allows for better airflow into and out of the engine.

Cons:

Reduced low-end torque: More aggressive camshafts often reduce low-end torque, making the car less drivable at lower RPMs. This can lead to a sluggish feel at city speeds.
Potential for decreased fuel economy: A cammed engine might consume more fuel, particularly if not tuned correctly.
Potential for increased noise and vibration: Aggressive camshafts often lead to a louder and less refined engine note, as well as increased engine vibration.
Installation complexity: Installing a camshaft is a significant mechanical undertaking, requiring specialized tools and expertise. Improper installation can damage the engine.

Choosing the Right Camshaft

Selecting the right camshaft requires careful consideration. You need to think about your goals and the intended use of your vehicle. Factors to consider include:

Engine type: Different camshafts are suitable for different engine types (V8, V6, I4, etc.).
Driving style: If you prioritize daily drivability, you'll want a less aggressive cam. If you primarily track your car, a more aggressive cam might be a better option.
Desired performance characteristics: Consider whether you value high-end horsepower or low-end torque.
Budget: The cost of the camshaft itself and the labor involved in installation can vary widely.

It's often best to consult with a professional when selecting and installing a camshaft. A skilled mechanic can help you choose a camshaft that balances performance with drivability and can ensure proper installation to prevent engine damage.

Conclusion: Is Your Car "Cammed" for You?

Understanding what "cammed" means is just the beginning. The camshaft is a crucial component significantly impacting your car's performance. The decision to go "cammed" is a serious modification, and one not to be taken lightly. Weigh the pros and cons carefully, research thoroughly, and always seek professional guidance to ensure your engine's health and optimal performance. Remember, a properly "cammed" engine can unlock significant power gains, but only if the whole system works together correctly.